Can Quote Numbers be Different Than Orders?

By default when Quotes are turned into orders, the same number will be used for the Order number.

You can have a different ordering sequence for Quotes and Orders by using the Tools -> Add-ons -> All -> Custom Order Numbering Schemes add-on. 

After activating the add-on go to Admin -> Orders -> Custom Order Numbering and set the starting numbers for Quotes and Orders. You can also define prefixes so that Quote numbers will start with QT- and Fulfillment Orders will start with FO- for example.